Understanding Land Titles in the Philippines
A clear explanation of the different types of land titles in the Philippines — TCT, OCT, tax declarations, and what they mean for buyers.
Types of Land Titles
Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT)
This is the gold standard. A TCT proves registered ownership and is issued when land changes hands. Always verify a TCT at the Registry of Deeds.
Original Certificate of Title (OCT)
Issued for land registered for the first time under the Torrens system. Less common but equally valid.
Tax Declaration
A tax declaration is NOT a title. It only proves someone is paying taxes on the property. Many rural properties in Bohol only have tax declarations, which means ownership may be unclear.
Red Flags to Watch For
How to Verify a Title
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a TCT and a tax declaration?
A TCT (Transfer Certificate of Title) is a legal proof of land ownership registered under the Torrens system. A tax declaration only shows that someone is paying property taxes — it does not prove ownership.
How do I verify a land title in Bohol?
Request a Certified True Copy of the title from the Registry of Deeds in Tagbilaran. You can also commission a geodetic survey to verify the lot boundaries match the title.